Irrational and unsustainable collection of medicinal herbs, berry, hunting of red-book species, fishery can meet the immediate food needs of the local communities live within protected areas. Cutting of trees and deforestation, for rehabilitation, which requires many years, can meet the construction and firewood needs of the local community. Most of the resources are also sold at the local markets for the purposed to have rapid income for family needs. Overgrazed pasturelands, intensive cutting of forest trees and ineffective use of arable lands exacerbated the poor environmental conditions of the target area. As a result, every year the number of natural disasters increases, expanding degradation of lands and causing occurrences of mudslides and flashfloods, thereby increasing risks of hazards to agriculture and people's life of target areas. The local people are building houses and other facilities along the sub-river basin that cause pollution and contamination of water that uses for agriculture and for drinking by population live downstream of Gissar valley.
All these issues and problems are getting worse and worse every year and local community and government organization are having limited financial resources and technical capacity to overcome and to tackle these problems alone. The proposed project therefore will be mainly focusing on increasing the awareness and knowledge of local communities and government organizations on effective and sustainable use of natural resources including water and land, RES/?? technologies to reduce pressure on forest and wood areas, sustainable land management at the hilly slopes that require specific techniques on land farming and pasture management, thereby reducing the occurrences of the natural and man-made disasters.