Baseline Information
Xiaojie Village, Xundian County is in semi-mountainous area to the northeast of Kunming. The village possesses 1788 Mu of arable land, mainly used to cultivate tobacco and maize, and 15611 Mu of woodland, mainly formed by Chinese chestnut. Per capita annual income of local farmers is 4545 Yuan, mostly from crop farming and the second mostly from animal husbandry. The income of forestry, secondary industry and tertiary industry is much less. There are 494 farmer households in the village with the total population of 1835.

Main Problems
Agricultural carbon emission deeply affects global warming not only because agricultural production discharges greenhouse gas such as CO2 and CH4, but also because agricultural investment can lead to deforestation. It is also acknowledged that land use affects soil carbon sink. Climate change may cause extreme weather events, which exerts devastating influence on supply of crops and farmer?s livelihood. One eighth of the population in Yunnan Province who live below the national poverty line are the most acutely impacted by climate change and urgently need to secure sustainable livelihood via climate-smart agriculture. However, peasant farmer households have limited capacity in increasing their income and improving their life quality and natural environmental conditions. Therefore establishing self-motivated group or mutual-help agriculture group is vital to alleviate poverty and adapt to climate change.

Proposed Activities
(1) Collaborating with research institutions to conduct conservation tillage trials, including rice precise quantification, maize interplanted with soybean, broad bean and rice rotation, cultivating vetiver and wild pea for green manure.
(2) Establishing 5 farmers? mutual support groups to implement climate-smart agriculture. Each group is formed by 30-50 farmers with a committee of 3-5 members. There is an agricultural instructor assigned by the project who trains all 200 participants on knowledge and skills about climate-smart agriculture.
(3) Monitoring and calculating the decrement of greenhouse gas emission with instruction and assistance of research institutions.

Anticipated Results
(1) Over 160 farmer households will implement climate-smart agriculture.
(2) Sustainable land management will be applied to over 360 Mu of farmland.
(3) At least 40 tons of CO2 emission will be reduced through the implementation of climate-smart agriculture.
(4) 5 mutual support groups will hold 50 meetings involving 1600 farmers.
(5) The income of 20% households in the project area (about 40 households) is estimated to increase by 5% based on the results of 2015 baseline survey.